Processes such as erosion release this carbon back into the atmosphere very slowly, while volcanic activity can release it very quickly. When these organisms died, slow geologic processes trapped their carbon and transformed it into these natural resources. Rocks like limestone and fossil fuels like coal and oil are storage reservoirs that contain carbon from plants and animals that lived millions of years ago. Two-way carbon exchange can occur quickly between the ocean’s surface waters and the atmosphere, but carbon may be stored for centuries at the deepest ocean depths. The ocean plays a critical role in carbon storage, as it holds about 50 times more carbon than the atmosphere. Respiration, excretion, and decomposition release the carbon back into the atmosphere or soil, continuing the cycle. Animals that eat plants digest the sugar molecules to get energy for their bodies. They use energy from the sun to chemically combine carbon dioxide with hydrogen and oxygen from water to create sugar molecules. For example, in the food chain, plants move carbon from the atmosphere into the biosphere through photosynthesis. About the education resource collectionsĬarbon moves from one storage reservoir to another through a variety of mechanisms.2022 Science Olympiad: Freshwater hydrology. Tiny tutorials: Get started using Earth science data in seconds.
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